LCOV - code coverage report
Current view: top level - src/test - merkle_tests.cpp (source / functions) Coverage Total Hit
Test: total_coverage.info Lines: 99.4 % 163 162
Test Date: 2024-11-04 05:10:19 Functions: 100.0 % 15 15
Branches: 55.9 % 622 348

             Branch data     Line data    Source code
       1                 :             : // Copyright (c) 2015-2020 The Bitcoin Core developers
       2                 :             : // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
       3                 :             : // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
       4                 :             : 
       5                 :             : #include <consensus/merkle.h>
       6                 :             : #include <test/util/random.h>
       7                 :             : #include <test/util/setup_common.h>
       8                 :             : 
       9                 :             : #include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
      10                 :             : 
      11                 :             : BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(merkle_tests, TestingSetup)
      12                 :             : 
      13                 :         376 : static uint256 ComputeMerkleRootFromBranch(const uint256& leaf, const std::vector<uint256>& vMerkleBranch, uint32_t nIndex) {
      14                 :         376 :     uint256 hash = leaf;
      15         [ +  + ]:        3622 :     for (std::vector<uint256>::const_iterator it = vMerkleBranch.begin(); it != vMerkleBranch.end(); ++it) {
      16         [ +  + ]:        3246 :         if (nIndex & 1) {
      17                 :        1510 :             hash = Hash(*it, hash);
      18                 :             :         } else {
      19                 :        1736 :             hash = Hash(hash, *it);
      20                 :             :         }
      21                 :        3246 :         nIndex >>= 1;
      22                 :             :     }
      23                 :         376 :     return hash;
      24                 :             : }
      25                 :             : 
      26                 :             : // Older version of the merkle root computation code, for comparison.
      27                 :          93 : static uint256 BlockBuildMerkleTree(const CBlock& block, bool* fMutated, std::vector<uint256>& vMerkleTree)
      28                 :             : {
      29         [ -  + ]:          93 :     vMerkleTree.clear();
      30                 :          93 :     vMerkleTree.reserve(block.vtx.size() * 2 + 16); // Safe upper bound for the number of total nodes.
      31         [ +  + ]:      158680 :     for (std::vector<CTransactionRef>::const_iterator it(block.vtx.begin()); it != block.vtx.end(); ++it)
      32                 :      158587 :         vMerkleTree.push_back((*it)->GetHash());
      33                 :          93 :     int j = 0;
      34                 :          93 :     bool mutated = false;
      35         [ +  + ]:         892 :     for (int nSize = block.vtx.size(); nSize > 1; nSize = (nSize + 1) / 2)
      36                 :             :     {
      37         [ +  + ]:      159555 :         for (int i = 0; i < nSize; i += 2)
      38                 :             :         {
      39         [ +  + ]:      158756 :             int i2 = std::min(i+1, nSize-1);
      40   [ +  +  +  +  :      158756 :             if (i2 == i + 1 && i2 + 1 == nSize && vMerkleTree[j+i] == vMerkleTree[j+i2]) {
                   +  + ]
      41                 :             :                 // Two identical hashes at the end of the list at a particular level.
      42                 :             :                 mutated = true;
      43                 :             :             }
      44                 :      158756 :             vMerkleTree.push_back(Hash(vMerkleTree[j+i], vMerkleTree[j+i2]));
      45                 :             :         }
      46                 :         799 :         j += nSize;
      47                 :             :     }
      48         [ +  - ]:          93 :     if (fMutated) {
      49                 :          93 :         *fMutated = mutated;
      50                 :             :     }
      51         [ -  + ]:          93 :     return (vMerkleTree.empty() ? uint256() : vMerkleTree.back());
      52                 :             : }
      53                 :             : 
      54                 :             : // Older version of the merkle branch computation code, for comparison.
      55                 :         376 : static std::vector<uint256> BlockGetMerkleBranch(const CBlock& block, const std::vector<uint256>& vMerkleTree, int nIndex)
      56                 :             : {
      57                 :         376 :     std::vector<uint256> vMerkleBranch;
      58                 :         376 :     int j = 0;
      59         [ +  + ]:        3622 :     for (int nSize = block.vtx.size(); nSize > 1; nSize = (nSize + 1) / 2)
      60                 :             :     {
      61         [ +  + ]:        3246 :         int i = std::min(nIndex^1, nSize-1);
      62         [ +  - ]:        3246 :         vMerkleBranch.push_back(vMerkleTree[j+i]);
      63                 :        3246 :         nIndex >>= 1;
      64                 :        3246 :         j += nSize;
      65                 :             :     }
      66                 :         376 :     return vMerkleBranch;
      67                 :           0 : }
      68                 :             : 
      69                 :         143 : static inline int ctz(uint32_t i) {
      70                 :         143 :     if (i == 0) return 0;
      71                 :             :     int j = 0;
      72   [ +  +  +  +  :         389 :     while (!(i & 1)) {
                   +  + ]
      73                 :         246 :         j++;
      74                 :         246 :         i >>= 1;
      75                 :             :     }
      76                 :             :     return j;
      77                 :             : }
      78                 :             : 
      79   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test)
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      80                 :             : {
      81         [ +  + ]:          33 :     for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
      82                 :             :         // Try 32 block sizes: all sizes from 0 to 16 inclusive, and then 15 random sizes.
      83         [ +  + ]:          32 :         int ntx = (i <= 16) ? i : 17 + (m_rng.randrange(4000));
      84                 :             :         // Try up to 3 mutations.
      85         [ +  + ]:         125 :         for (int mutate = 0; mutate <= 3; mutate++) {
      86   [ +  +  +  - ]:         186 :             int duplicate1 = mutate >= 1 ? 1 << ctz(ntx) : 0; // The last how many transactions to duplicate first.
      87         [ +  + ]:         109 :             if (duplicate1 >= ntx) break; // Duplication of the entire tree results in a different root (it adds a level).
      88                 :         103 :             int ntx1 = ntx + duplicate1; // The resulting number of transactions after the first duplication.
      89   [ +  +  +  - ]:         149 :             int duplicate2 = mutate >= 2 ? 1 << ctz(ntx1) : 0; // Likewise for the second mutation.
      90         [ +  + ]:         103 :             if (duplicate2 >= ntx1) break;
      91                 :          97 :             int ntx2 = ntx1 + duplicate2;
      92   [ +  +  +  - ]:         149 :             int duplicate3 = mutate >= 3 ? 1 << ctz(ntx2) : 0; // And for the third mutation.
      93         [ +  + ]:          97 :             if (duplicate3 >= ntx2) break;
      94                 :          93 :             int ntx3 = ntx2 + duplicate3;
      95                 :             :             // Build a block with ntx different transactions.
      96                 :          93 :             CBlock block;
      97         [ +  - ]:          93 :             block.vtx.resize(ntx);
      98         [ +  + ]:      157467 :             for (int j = 0; j < ntx; j++) {
      99         [ +  - ]:      157374 :                 CMutableTransaction mtx;
     100                 :      157374 :                 mtx.nLockTime = j;
     101   [ +  -  -  + ]:      314748 :                 block.vtx[j] = MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx));
     102                 :      157374 :             }
     103                 :             :             // Compute the root of the block before mutating it.
     104                 :          93 :             bool unmutatedMutated = false;
     105         [ +  - ]:          93 :             uint256 unmutatedRoot = BlockMerkleRoot(block, &unmutatedMutated);
     106   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK(unmutatedMutated == false);
                   +  - ]
     107                 :             :             // Optionally mutate by duplicating the last transactions, resulting in the same merkle root.
     108         [ +  - ]:          93 :             block.vtx.resize(ntx3);
     109         [ +  + ]:         198 :             for (int j = 0; j < duplicate1; j++) {
     110                 :         105 :                 block.vtx[ntx + j] = block.vtx[ntx + j - duplicate1];
     111                 :             :             }
     112         [ +  + ]:         333 :             for (int j = 0; j < duplicate2; j++) {
     113                 :         240 :                 block.vtx[ntx1 + j] = block.vtx[ntx1 + j - duplicate2];
     114                 :             :             }
     115         [ +  + ]:         961 :             for (int j = 0; j < duplicate3; j++) {
     116                 :         868 :                 block.vtx[ntx2 + j] = block.vtx[ntx2 + j - duplicate3];
     117                 :             :             }
     118                 :             :             // Compute the merkle root and merkle tree using the old mechanism.
     119                 :          93 :             bool oldMutated = false;
     120                 :          93 :             std::vector<uint256> merkleTree;
     121         [ +  - ]:          93 :             uint256 oldRoot = BlockBuildMerkleTree(block, &oldMutated, merkleTree);
     122                 :             :             // Compute the merkle root using the new mechanism.
     123                 :          93 :             bool newMutated = false;
     124         [ +  - ]:          93 :             uint256 newRoot = BlockMerkleRoot(block, &newMutated);
     125   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK(oldRoot == newRoot);
                   +  - ]
     126   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK(newRoot == unmutatedRoot);
                   +  - ]
     127   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK((newRoot == uint256()) == (ntx == 0));
                   +  - ]
     128   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK(oldMutated == newMutated);
                   +  - ]
     129   [ +  -  +  -  :         186 :             BOOST_CHECK(newMutated == !!mutate);
                   +  + ]
     130                 :             :             // If no mutation was done (once for every ntx value), try up to 16 branches.
     131         [ +  + ]:          93 :             if (mutate == 0) {
     132   [ +  +  +  + ]:         559 :                 for (int loop = 0; loop < std::min(ntx, 16); loop++) {
     133                 :             :                     // If ntx <= 16, try all branches. Otherwise, try 16 random ones.
     134                 :         376 :                     int mtx = loop;
     135         [ +  + ]:         376 :                     if (ntx > 16) {
     136                 :         240 :                         mtx = m_rng.randrange(ntx);
     137                 :             :                     }
     138         [ +  - ]:         376 :                     std::vector<uint256> newBranch = BlockMerkleBranch(block, mtx);
     139         [ +  - ]:         376 :                     std::vector<uint256> oldBranch = BlockGetMerkleBranch(block, merkleTree, mtx);
     140   [ +  -  +  -  :         752 :                     BOOST_CHECK(oldBranch == newBranch);
                   +  - ]
     141   [ +  -  +  -  :         752 :                     BOOST_CHECK(ComputeMerkleRootFromBranch(block.vtx[mtx]->GetHash(), newBranch, mtx) == oldRoot);
                   +  - ]
     142                 :         376 :                 }
     143                 :             :             }
     144                 :          93 :         }
     145                 :             :     }
     146                 :           1 : }
     147                 :             : 
     148                 :             : 
     149   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test_empty_block)
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     150                 :             : {
     151                 :           1 :     bool mutated = false;
     152                 :           1 :     CBlock block;
     153         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 root = BlockMerkleRoot(block, &mutated);
     154                 :             : 
     155   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(root.IsNull(), true);
     156   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(mutated, false);
     157                 :           1 : }
     158                 :             : 
     159   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test_oneTx_block)
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     160                 :             : {
     161                 :           1 :     bool mutated = false;
     162                 :           1 :     CBlock block;
     163                 :             : 
     164         [ +  - ]:           1 :     block.vtx.resize(1);
     165         [ +  - ]:           1 :     CMutableTransaction mtx;
     166                 :           1 :     mtx.nLockTime = 0;
     167   [ +  -  -  + ]:           2 :     block.vtx[0] = MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx));
     168         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 root = BlockMerkleRoot(block, &mutated);
     169   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(root, block.vtx[0]->GetHash());
     170   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(mutated, false);
     171                 :           1 : }
     172                 :             : 
     173   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test_OddTxWithRepeatedLastTx_block)
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     174                 :             : {
     175                 :           1 :     bool mutated;
     176                 :           1 :     CBlock block, blockWithRepeatedLastTx;
     177                 :             : 
     178         [ +  - ]:           1 :     block.vtx.resize(3);
     179                 :             : 
     180         [ +  + ]:           4 :     for (std::size_t pos = 0; pos < block.vtx.size(); pos++) {
     181         [ +  - ]:           3 :         CMutableTransaction mtx;
     182                 :           3 :         mtx.nLockTime = pos;
     183   [ +  -  -  + ]:           6 :         block.vtx[pos] = MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx));
     184                 :           3 :     }
     185                 :             : 
     186         [ +  - ]:           1 :     blockWithRepeatedLastTx = block;
     187         [ +  - ]:           1 :     blockWithRepeatedLastTx.vtx.push_back(blockWithRepeatedLastTx.vtx.back());
     188                 :             : 
     189         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 rootofBlock = BlockMerkleRoot(block, &mutated);
     190   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(mutated, false);
     191                 :             : 
     192         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 rootofBlockWithRepeatedLastTx = BlockMerkleRoot(blockWithRepeatedLastTx, &mutated);
     193   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(rootofBlock, rootofBlockWithRepeatedLastTx);
     194   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(mutated, true);
     195                 :           1 : }
     196                 :             : 
     197   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test_LeftSubtreeRightSubtree)
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     198                 :             : {
     199                 :           1 :     CBlock block, leftSubtreeBlock, rightSubtreeBlock;
     200                 :             : 
     201         [ +  - ]:           1 :     block.vtx.resize(4);
     202                 :             :     std::size_t pos;
     203         [ +  + ]:           5 :     for (pos = 0; pos < block.vtx.size(); pos++) {
     204         [ +  - ]:           4 :         CMutableTransaction mtx;
     205                 :           4 :         mtx.nLockTime = pos;
     206   [ +  -  -  + ]:           8 :         block.vtx[pos] = MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx));
     207                 :           4 :     }
     208                 :             : 
     209         [ +  + ]:           3 :     for (pos = 0; pos < block.vtx.size() / 2; pos++)
     210         [ +  - ]:           2 :         leftSubtreeBlock.vtx.push_back(block.vtx[pos]);
     211                 :             : 
     212         [ +  + ]:           3 :     for (pos = block.vtx.size() / 2; pos < block.vtx.size(); pos++)
     213         [ +  - ]:           2 :         rightSubtreeBlock.vtx.push_back(block.vtx[pos]);
     214                 :             : 
     215         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 root = BlockMerkleRoot(block);
     216         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 rootOfLeftSubtree = BlockMerkleRoot(leftSubtreeBlock);
     217         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 rootOfRightSubtree = BlockMerkleRoot(rightSubtreeBlock);
     218                 :           1 :     std::vector<uint256> leftRight;
     219         [ +  - ]:           1 :     leftRight.push_back(rootOfLeftSubtree);
     220         [ +  - ]:           1 :     leftRight.push_back(rootOfRightSubtree);
     221   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 rootOfLR = ComputeMerkleRoot(leftRight);
     222                 :             : 
     223   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(root, rootOfLR);
     224                 :           1 : }
     225                 :             : 
     226   [ +  -  +  -  :           7 : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(merkle_test_BlockWitness)
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     227                 :             : {
     228                 :           1 :     CBlock block;
     229                 :             : 
     230         [ +  - ]:           1 :     block.vtx.resize(2);
     231         [ +  + ]:           3 :     for (std::size_t pos = 0; pos < block.vtx.size(); pos++) {
     232         [ +  - ]:           2 :         CMutableTransaction mtx;
     233                 :           2 :         mtx.nLockTime = pos;
     234   [ +  -  -  + ]:           4 :         block.vtx[pos] = MakeTransactionRef(std::move(mtx));
     235                 :           2 :     }
     236                 :             : 
     237         [ +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 blockWitness = BlockWitnessMerkleRoot(block);
     238                 :             : 
     239                 :           1 :     std::vector<uint256> hashes;
     240         [ +  - ]:           1 :     hashes.resize(block.vtx.size());
     241                 :           1 :     hashes[0].SetNull();
     242         [ +  - ]:           1 :     hashes[1] = block.vtx[1]->GetHash();
     243                 :             : 
     244   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     uint256 merkleRootofHashes = ComputeMerkleRoot(hashes);
     245                 :             : 
     246   [ +  -  +  - ]:           1 :     BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(merkleRootofHashes, blockWitness);
     247                 :           1 : }
     248                 :             : BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
        

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