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1 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-2022 The Bitcoin Core developers
3 : : // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 : : // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5 : :
6 : : #ifndef BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
7 : : #define BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
8 : :
9 : : #include <arith_uint256.h>
10 : : #include <attributes.h>
11 : : #include <chain.h>
12 : : #include <checkqueue.h>
13 : : #include <consensus/amount.h>
14 : : #include <cuckoocache.h>
15 : : #include <deploymentstatus.h>
16 : : #include <kernel/chain.h>
17 : : #include <kernel/chainparams.h>
18 : : #include <kernel/chainstatemanager_opts.h>
19 : : #include <kernel/cs_main.h> // IWYU pragma: export
20 : : #include <node/blockstorage.h>
21 : : #include <policy/feerate.h>
22 : : #include <policy/packages.h>
23 : : #include <policy/policy.h>
24 : : #include <script/script_error.h>
25 : : #include <script/sigcache.h>
26 : : #include <sync.h>
27 : : #include <txdb.h>
28 : : #include <txmempool.h> // For CTxMemPool::cs
29 : : #include <uint256.h>
30 : : #include <util/check.h>
31 : : #include <util/fs.h>
32 : : #include <util/hasher.h>
33 : : #include <util/result.h>
34 : : #include <util/translation.h>
35 : : #include <versionbits.h>
36 : :
37 : : #include <atomic>
38 : : #include <map>
39 : : #include <memory>
40 : : #include <optional>
41 : : #include <set>
42 : : #include <stdint.h>
43 : : #include <string>
44 : : #include <thread>
45 : : #include <type_traits>
46 : : #include <utility>
47 : : #include <vector>
48 : :
49 : : class Chainstate;
50 : : class CTxMemPool;
51 : : class ChainstateManager;
52 : : struct ChainTxData;
53 : : class DisconnectedBlockTransactions;
54 : : struct PrecomputedTransactionData;
55 : : struct LockPoints;
56 : : struct AssumeutxoData;
57 : : namespace node {
58 : : class SnapshotMetadata;
59 : : } // namespace node
60 : : namespace Consensus {
61 : : struct Params;
62 : : } // namespace Consensus
63 : : namespace util {
64 : : class SignalInterrupt;
65 : : } // namespace util
66 : :
67 : : /** Block files containing a block-height within MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP of ActiveChain().Tip() will not be pruned. */
68 : : static const unsigned int MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP = 288;
69 : : static const signed int DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS = 6;
70 : : static constexpr int DEFAULT_CHECKLEVEL{3};
71 : : // Require that user allocate at least 550 MiB for block & undo files (blk???.dat and rev???.dat)
72 : : // At 1MB per block, 288 blocks = 288MB.
73 : : // Add 15% for Undo data = 331MB
74 : : // Add 20% for Orphan block rate = 397MB
75 : : // We want the low water mark after pruning to be at least 397 MB and since we prune in
76 : : // full block file chunks, we need the high water mark which triggers the prune to be
77 : : // one 128MB block file + added 15% undo data = 147MB greater for a total of 545MB
78 : : // Setting the target to >= 550 MiB will make it likely we can respect the target.
79 : : static const uint64_t MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES = 550 * 1024 * 1024;
80 : :
81 : : /** Current sync state passed to tip changed callbacks. */
82 : : enum class SynchronizationState {
83 : : INIT_REINDEX,
84 : : INIT_DOWNLOAD,
85 : : POST_INIT
86 : : };
87 : :
88 : : extern GlobalMutex g_best_block_mutex;
89 : : extern std::condition_variable g_best_block_cv;
90 : : /** Used to notify getblocktemplate RPC of new tips. */
91 : : extern uint256 g_best_block;
92 : :
93 : : /** Documentation for argument 'checklevel'. */
94 : : extern const std::vector<std::string> CHECKLEVEL_DOC;
95 : :
96 : : CAmount GetBlockSubsidy(int nHeight, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);
97 : :
98 : : bool FatalError(kernel::Notifications& notifications, BlockValidationState& state, const bilingual_str& message);
99 : :
100 : : /** Guess verification progress (as a fraction between 0.0=genesis and 1.0=current tip). */
101 : : double GuessVerificationProgress(const ChainTxData& data, const CBlockIndex* pindex);
102 : :
103 : : /** Prune block files up to a given height */
104 : : void PruneBlockFilesManual(Chainstate& active_chainstate, int nManualPruneHeight);
105 : :
106 : : /**
107 : : * Validation result for a transaction evaluated by MemPoolAccept (single or package).
108 : : * Here are the expected fields and properties of a result depending on its ResultType, applicable to
109 : : * results returned from package evaluation:
110 : : *+---------------------------+----------------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------------+
111 : : *| Field or property | VALID | INVALID | MEMPOOL_ENTRY | DIFFERENT_WITNESS |
112 : : *| | |--------------------------------------| | |
113 : : *| | | TX_RECONSIDERABLE | Other | | |
114 : : *+---------------------------+----------------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------------+
115 : : *| txid in mempool? | yes | no | no* | yes | yes |
116 : : *| wtxid in mempool? | yes | no | no* | yes | no |
117 : : *| m_state | yes, IsValid() | yes, IsInvalid() | yes, IsInvalid() | yes, IsValid() | yes, IsValid() |
118 : : *| m_vsize | yes | no | no | yes | no |
119 : : *| m_base_fees | yes | no | no | yes | no |
120 : : *| m_effective_feerate | yes | yes | no | no | no |
121 : : *| m_wtxids_fee_calculations | yes | yes | no | no | no |
122 : : *| m_other_wtxid | no | no | no | no | yes |
123 : : *+---------------------------+----------------+-------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------------+
124 : : * (*) Individual transaction acceptance doesn't return MEMPOOL_ENTRY and DIFFERENT_WITNESS. It returns
125 : : * INVALID, with the errors txn-already-in-mempool and txn-same-nonwitness-data-in-mempool
126 : : * respectively. In those cases, the txid or wtxid may be in the mempool for a TX_CONFLICT.
127 : : */
128 : : struct MempoolAcceptResult {
129 : : /** Used to indicate the results of mempool validation. */
130 : : enum class ResultType {
131 : : VALID, //!> Fully validated, valid.
132 : : INVALID, //!> Invalid.
133 : : MEMPOOL_ENTRY, //!> Valid, transaction was already in the mempool.
134 : : DIFFERENT_WITNESS, //!> Not validated. A same-txid-different-witness tx (see m_other_wtxid) already exists in the mempool and was not replaced.
135 : : };
136 : : /** Result type. Present in all MempoolAcceptResults. */
137 : : const ResultType m_result_type;
138 : :
139 : : /** Contains information about why the transaction failed. */
140 : : const TxValidationState m_state;
141 : :
142 : : /** Mempool transactions replaced by the tx. */
143 : : const std::list<CTransactionRef> m_replaced_transactions;
144 : : /** Virtual size as used by the mempool, calculated using serialized size and sigops. */
145 : : const std::optional<int64_t> m_vsize;
146 : : /** Raw base fees in satoshis. */
147 : : const std::optional<CAmount> m_base_fees;
148 : : /** The feerate at which this transaction was considered. This includes any fee delta added
149 : : * using prioritisetransaction (i.e. modified fees). If this transaction was submitted as a
150 : : * package, this is the package feerate, which may also include its descendants and/or
151 : : * ancestors (see m_wtxids_fee_calculations below).
152 : : */
153 : : const std::optional<CFeeRate> m_effective_feerate;
154 : : /** Contains the wtxids of the transactions used for fee-related checks. Includes this
155 : : * transaction's wtxid and may include others if this transaction was validated as part of a
156 : : * package. This is not necessarily equivalent to the list of transactions passed to
157 : : * ProcessNewPackage().
158 : : * Only present when m_result_type = ResultType::VALID. */
159 : : const std::optional<std::vector<Wtxid>> m_wtxids_fee_calculations;
160 : :
161 : : /** The wtxid of the transaction in the mempool which has the same txid but different witness. */
162 : : const std::optional<uint256> m_other_wtxid;
163 : :
164 : 12 : static MempoolAcceptResult Failure(TxValidationState state) {
165 [ + - ]: 24 : return MempoolAcceptResult(state);
166 : : }
167 : :
168 : 6 : static MempoolAcceptResult FeeFailure(TxValidationState state,
169 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
170 : : const std::vector<Wtxid>& wtxids_fee_calculations) {
171 [ + - ]: 12 : return MempoolAcceptResult(state, effective_feerate, wtxids_fee_calculations);
172 : : }
173 : :
174 : 99 : static MempoolAcceptResult Success(std::list<CTransactionRef>&& replaced_txns,
175 : : int64_t vsize,
176 : : CAmount fees,
177 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
178 : : const std::vector<Wtxid>& wtxids_fee_calculations) {
179 : 99 : return MempoolAcceptResult(std::move(replaced_txns), vsize, fees,
180 [ + - + - : 99 : effective_feerate, wtxids_fee_calculations);
+ - + - ]
181 : : }
182 : :
183 : 7 : static MempoolAcceptResult MempoolTx(int64_t vsize, CAmount fees) {
184 : 7 : return MempoolAcceptResult(vsize, fees);
185 : : }
186 : :
187 : 3 : static MempoolAcceptResult MempoolTxDifferentWitness(const uint256& other_wtxid) {
188 : 3 : return MempoolAcceptResult(other_wtxid);
189 : : }
190 : :
191 : : // Private constructors. Use static methods MempoolAcceptResult::Success, etc. to construct.
192 : : private:
193 : : /** Constructor for failure case */
194 : 12 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(TxValidationState state)
195 : 12 : : m_result_type(ResultType::INVALID), m_state(state) {
196 : 12 : Assume(!state.IsValid()); // Can be invalid or error
197 : 12 : }
198 : :
199 : : /** Constructor for success case */
200 : 99 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(std::list<CTransactionRef>&& replaced_txns,
201 : : int64_t vsize,
202 : : CAmount fees,
203 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
204 : : const std::vector<Wtxid>& wtxids_fee_calculations)
205 : 99 : : m_result_type(ResultType::VALID),
206 : 99 : m_replaced_transactions(std::move(replaced_txns)),
207 [ + - ]: 99 : m_vsize{vsize},
208 : 99 : m_base_fees(fees),
209 : 99 : m_effective_feerate(effective_feerate),
210 [ + - ]: 99 : m_wtxids_fee_calculations(wtxids_fee_calculations) {}
211 : :
212 : : /** Constructor for fee-related failure case */
213 : 6 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(TxValidationState state,
214 : : CFeeRate effective_feerate,
215 : : const std::vector<Wtxid>& wtxids_fee_calculations)
216 : 6 : : m_result_type(ResultType::INVALID),
217 : 6 : m_state(state),
218 [ + - ]: 6 : m_effective_feerate(effective_feerate),
219 [ + - ]: 6 : m_wtxids_fee_calculations(wtxids_fee_calculations) {}
220 : :
221 : : /** Constructor for already-in-mempool case. It wouldn't replace any transactions. */
222 : 7 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(int64_t vsize, CAmount fees)
223 [ + - ]: 7 : : m_result_type(ResultType::MEMPOOL_ENTRY), m_vsize{vsize}, m_base_fees(fees) {}
224 : :
225 : : /** Constructor for witness-swapped case. */
226 : 3 : explicit MempoolAcceptResult(const uint256& other_wtxid)
227 : 3 : : m_result_type(ResultType::DIFFERENT_WITNESS), m_other_wtxid(other_wtxid) {}
228 : : };
229 : :
230 : : /**
231 : : * Validation result for package mempool acceptance.
232 : : */
233 : : struct PackageMempoolAcceptResult
234 : : {
235 : : PackageValidationState m_state;
236 : : /**
237 : : * Map from wtxid to finished MempoolAcceptResults. The client is responsible
238 : : * for keeping track of the transaction objects themselves. If a result is not
239 : : * present, it means validation was unfinished for that transaction. If there
240 : : * was a package-wide error (see result in m_state), m_tx_results will be empty.
241 : : */
242 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult> m_tx_results;
243 : :
244 : 69 : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(PackageValidationState state,
245 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult>&& results)
246 [ - - + - : 69 : : m_state{state}, m_tx_results(std::move(results)) {}
+ - + - +
- + - - -
+ - - - -
- + - - -
- - + - -
- + - ]
247 : :
248 : : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(PackageValidationState state, CFeeRate feerate,
249 : : std::map<uint256, MempoolAcceptResult>&& results)
250 : : : m_state{state}, m_tx_results(std::move(results)) {}
251 : :
252 : : /** Constructor to create a PackageMempoolAcceptResult from a single MempoolAcceptResult */
253 : 0 : explicit PackageMempoolAcceptResult(const uint256& wtxid, const MempoolAcceptResult& result)
254 [ # # # # : 0 : : m_tx_results{ {wtxid, result} } {}
# # # # ]
255 : : };
256 : :
257 : : /**
258 : : * Try to add a transaction to the mempool. This is an internal function and is exposed only for testing.
259 : : * Client code should use ChainstateManager::ProcessTransaction()
260 : : *
261 : : * @param[in] active_chainstate Reference to the active chainstate.
262 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction to submit for mempool acceptance.
263 : : * @param[in] accept_time The timestamp for adding the transaction to the mempool.
264 : : * It is also used to determine when the entry expires.
265 : : * @param[in] bypass_limits When true, don't enforce mempool fee and capacity limits,
266 : : * and set entry_sequence to zero.
267 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
268 : : *
269 : : * @returns a MempoolAcceptResult indicating whether the transaction was accepted/rejected with reason.
270 : : */
271 : : MempoolAcceptResult AcceptToMemoryPool(Chainstate& active_chainstate, const CTransactionRef& tx,
272 : : int64_t accept_time, bool bypass_limits, bool test_accept)
273 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
274 : :
275 : : /**
276 : : * Validate (and maybe submit) a package to the mempool. See doc/policy/packages.md for full details
277 : : * on package validation rules.
278 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
279 : : * @param[in] client_maxfeerate If exceeded by an individual transaction, rest of (sub)package evaluation is aborted.
280 : : * Only for sanity checks against local submission of transactions.
281 : : * @returns a PackageMempoolAcceptResult which includes a MempoolAcceptResult for each transaction.
282 : : * If a transaction fails, validation will exit early and some results may be missing. It is also
283 : : * possible for the package to be partially submitted.
284 : : */
285 : : PackageMempoolAcceptResult ProcessNewPackage(Chainstate& active_chainstate, CTxMemPool& pool,
286 : : const Package& txns, bool test_accept, const std::optional<CFeeRate>& client_maxfeerate)
287 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
288 : :
289 : : /* Mempool validation helper functions */
290 : :
291 : : /**
292 : : * Check if transaction will be final in the next block to be created.
293 : : */
294 : : bool CheckFinalTxAtTip(const CBlockIndex& active_chain_tip, const CTransaction& tx) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
295 : :
296 : : /**
297 : : * Calculate LockPoints required to check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block
298 : : * to be created on top of tip.
299 : : *
300 : : * @param[in] tip Chain tip for which tx sequence locks are calculated. For
301 : : * example, the tip of the current active chain.
302 : : * @param[in] coins_view Any CCoinsView that provides access to the relevant coins for
303 : : * checking sequence locks. For example, it can be a CCoinsViewCache
304 : : * that isn't connected to anything but contains all the relevant
305 : : * coins, or a CCoinsViewMemPool that is connected to the
306 : : * mempool and chainstate UTXO set. In the latter case, the caller
307 : : * is responsible for holding the appropriate locks to ensure that
308 : : * calls to GetCoin() return correct coins.
309 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction being evaluated.
310 : : *
311 : : * @returns The resulting height and time calculated and the hash of the block needed for
312 : : * calculation, or std::nullopt if there is an error.
313 : : */
314 : : std::optional<LockPoints> CalculateLockPointsAtTip(
315 : : CBlockIndex* tip,
316 : : const CCoinsView& coins_view,
317 : : const CTransaction& tx);
318 : :
319 : : /**
320 : : * Check if transaction will be BIP68 final in the next block to be created on top of tip.
321 : : * @param[in] tip Chain tip to check tx sequence locks against. For example,
322 : : * the tip of the current active chain.
323 : : * @param[in] lock_points LockPoints containing the height and time at which this
324 : : * transaction is final.
325 : : * Simulates calling SequenceLocks() with data from the tip passed in.
326 : : * The LockPoints should not be considered valid if CheckSequenceLocksAtTip returns false.
327 : : */
328 : : bool CheckSequenceLocksAtTip(CBlockIndex* tip,
329 : : const LockPoints& lock_points);
330 : :
331 : : /**
332 : : * Closure representing one script verification
333 : : * Note that this stores references to the spending transaction
334 : : */
335 : 203472 : class CScriptCheck
336 : : {
337 : : private:
338 : : CTxOut m_tx_out;
339 : : const CTransaction *ptxTo;
340 : : unsigned int nIn;
341 : : unsigned int nFlags;
342 : : bool cacheStore;
343 : : ScriptError error{SCRIPT_ERR_UNKNOWN_ERROR};
344 : : PrecomputedTransactionData *txdata;
345 : : SignatureCache* m_signature_cache;
346 : :
347 : : public:
348 : 157149 : CScriptCheck(const CTxOut& outIn, const CTransaction& txToIn, SignatureCache& signature_cache, unsigned int nInIn, unsigned int nFlagsIn, bool cacheIn, PrecomputedTransactionData* txdataIn) :
349 [ + + + - ]: 157149 : m_tx_out(outIn), ptxTo(&txToIn), nIn(nInIn), nFlags(nFlagsIn), cacheStore(cacheIn), txdata(txdataIn), m_signature_cache(&signature_cache) { }
[ + - ]
350 : :
351 : : CScriptCheck(const CScriptCheck&) = delete;
352 : : CScriptCheck& operator=(const CScriptCheck&) = delete;
353 : 50083 : CScriptCheck(CScriptCheck&&) = default;
354 : 0 : CScriptCheck& operator=(CScriptCheck&&) = default;
355 : :
356 : : bool operator()();
357 : :
358 [ + - + - ]: 35143 : ScriptError GetScriptError() const { return error; }
359 : : };
360 : :
361 : : // CScriptCheck is used a lot in std::vector, make sure that's efficient
362 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable_v<CScriptCheck>);
363 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<CScriptCheck>);
364 : : static_assert(std::is_nothrow_destructible_v<CScriptCheck>);
365 : :
366 : : /**
367 : : * Convenience class for initializing and passing the script execution cache
368 : : * and signature cache.
369 : : */
370 : 169 : class ValidationCache
371 : : {
372 : : private:
373 : : //! Pre-initialized hasher to avoid having to recreate it for every hash calculation.
374 : : CSHA256 m_script_execution_cache_hasher;
375 : :
376 : : public:
377 : : CuckooCache::cache<uint256, SignatureCacheHasher> m_script_execution_cache;
378 : : SignatureCache m_signature_cache;
379 : :
380 : : ValidationCache(size_t script_execution_cache_bytes, size_t signature_cache_bytes);
381 : :
382 : : ValidationCache(const ValidationCache&) = delete;
383 : : ValidationCache& operator=(const ValidationCache&) = delete;
384 : :
385 : : //! Return a copy of the pre-initialized hasher.
386 : 141351 : CSHA256 ScriptExecutionCacheHasher() const { return m_script_execution_cache_hasher; }
387 : : };
388 : :
389 : : /** Functions for validating blocks and updating the block tree */
390 : :
391 : : /** Context-independent validity checks */
392 : : bool CheckBlock(const CBlock& block, BlockValidationState& state, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, bool fCheckPOW = true, bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true);
393 : :
394 : : /** Check a block is completely valid from start to finish (only works on top of our current best block) */
395 : : bool TestBlockValidity(BlockValidationState& state,
396 : : const CChainParams& chainparams,
397 : : Chainstate& chainstate,
398 : : const CBlock& block,
399 : : CBlockIndex* pindexPrev,
400 : : bool fCheckPOW = true,
401 : : bool fCheckMerkleRoot = true) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
402 : :
403 : : /** Check with the proof of work on each blockheader matches the value in nBits */
404 : : bool HasValidProofOfWork(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& headers, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);
405 : :
406 : : /** Check if a block has been mutated (with respect to its merkle root and witness commitments). */
407 : : bool IsBlockMutated(const CBlock& block, bool check_witness_root);
408 : :
409 : : /** Return the sum of the claimed work on a given set of headers. No verification of PoW is done. */
410 : : arith_uint256 CalculateClaimedHeadersWork(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& headers);
411 : :
412 : : enum class VerifyDBResult {
413 : : SUCCESS,
414 : : CORRUPTED_BLOCK_DB,
415 : : INTERRUPTED,
416 : : SKIPPED_L3_CHECKS,
417 : : SKIPPED_MISSING_BLOCKS,
418 : : };
419 : :
420 : : /** RAII wrapper for VerifyDB: Verify consistency of the block and coin databases */
421 : : class CVerifyDB
422 : : {
423 : : private:
424 : : kernel::Notifications& m_notifications;
425 : :
426 : : public:
427 : : explicit CVerifyDB(kernel::Notifications& notifications);
428 : : ~CVerifyDB();
429 : : [[nodiscard]] VerifyDBResult VerifyDB(
430 : : Chainstate& chainstate,
431 : : const Consensus::Params& consensus_params,
432 : : CCoinsView& coinsview,
433 : : int nCheckLevel,
434 : : int nCheckDepth) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
435 : : };
436 : :
437 : : enum DisconnectResult
438 : : {
439 : : DISCONNECT_OK, // All good.
440 : : DISCONNECT_UNCLEAN, // Rolled back, but UTXO set was inconsistent with block.
441 : : DISCONNECT_FAILED // Something else went wrong.
442 : : };
443 : :
444 : : class ConnectTrace;
445 : :
446 : : /** @see Chainstate::FlushStateToDisk */
447 : : enum class FlushStateMode {
448 : : NONE,
449 : : IF_NEEDED,
450 : : PERIODIC,
451 : : ALWAYS
452 : : };
453 : :
454 : : /**
455 : : * A convenience class for constructing the CCoinsView* hierarchy used
456 : : * to facilitate access to the UTXO set.
457 : : *
458 : : * This class consists of an arrangement of layered CCoinsView objects,
459 : : * preferring to store and retrieve coins in memory via `m_cacheview` but
460 : : * ultimately falling back on cache misses to the canonical store of UTXOs on
461 : : * disk, `m_dbview`.
462 : : */
463 : : class CoinsViews {
464 : :
465 : : public:
466 : : //! The lowest level of the CoinsViews cache hierarchy sits in a leveldb database on disk.
467 : : //! All unspent coins reside in this store.
468 : : CCoinsViewDB m_dbview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
469 : :
470 : : //! This view wraps access to the leveldb instance and handles read errors gracefully.
471 : : CCoinsViewErrorCatcher m_catcherview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
472 : :
473 : : //! This is the top layer of the cache hierarchy - it keeps as many coins in memory as
474 : : //! can fit per the dbcache setting.
475 : : std::unique_ptr<CCoinsViewCache> m_cacheview GUARDED_BY(cs_main);
476 : :
477 : : //! This constructor initializes CCoinsViewDB and CCoinsViewErrorCatcher instances, but it
478 : : //! *does not* create a CCoinsViewCache instance by default. This is done separately because the
479 : : //! presence of the cache has implications on whether or not we're allowed to flush the cache's
480 : : //! state to disk, which should not be done until the health of the database is verified.
481 : : //!
482 : : //! All arguments forwarded onto CCoinsViewDB.
483 : : CoinsViews(DBParams db_params, CoinsViewOptions options);
484 : :
485 : : //! Initialize the CCoinsViewCache member.
486 : : void InitCache() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
487 : : };
488 : :
489 : : enum class CoinsCacheSizeState
490 : : {
491 : : //! The coins cache is in immediate need of a flush.
492 : : CRITICAL = 2,
493 : : //! The cache is at >= 90% capacity.
494 : : LARGE = 1,
495 : : OK = 0
496 : : };
497 : :
498 : : /**
499 : : * Chainstate stores and provides an API to update our local knowledge of the
500 : : * current best chain.
501 : : *
502 : : * Eventually, the API here is targeted at being exposed externally as a
503 : : * consumable library, so any functions added must only call
504 : : * other class member functions, pure functions in other parts of the consensus
505 : : * library, callbacks via the validation interface, or read/write-to-disk
506 : : * functions (eventually this will also be via callbacks).
507 : : *
508 : : * Anything that is contingent on the current tip of the chain is stored here,
509 : : * whereas block information and metadata independent of the current tip is
510 : : * kept in `BlockManager`.
511 : : */
512 : : class Chainstate
513 : : {
514 : : protected:
515 : : /**
516 : : * The ChainState Mutex
517 : : * A lock that must be held when modifying this ChainState - held in ActivateBestChain() and
518 : : * InvalidateBlock()
519 : : */
520 : : Mutex m_chainstate_mutex;
521 : :
522 : : //! Optional mempool that is kept in sync with the chain.
523 : : //! Only the active chainstate has a mempool.
524 : : CTxMemPool* m_mempool;
525 : :
526 : : //! Manages the UTXO set, which is a reflection of the contents of `m_chain`.
527 : : std::unique_ptr<CoinsViews> m_coins_views;
528 : :
529 : : //! This toggle exists for use when doing background validation for UTXO
530 : : //! snapshots.
531 : : //!
532 : : //! In the expected case, it is set once the background validation chain reaches the
533 : : //! same height as the base of the snapshot and its UTXO set is found to hash to
534 : : //! the expected assumeutxo value. It signals that we should no longer connect
535 : : //! blocks to the background chainstate. When set on the background validation
536 : : //! chainstate, it signifies that we have fully validated the snapshot chainstate.
537 : : //!
538 : : //! In the unlikely case that the snapshot chainstate is found to be invalid, this
539 : : //! is set to true on the snapshot chainstate.
540 : : bool m_disabled GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {false};
541 : :
542 : : //! Cached result of LookupBlockIndex(*m_from_snapshot_blockhash)
543 : : const CBlockIndex* m_cached_snapshot_base GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {nullptr};
544 : :
545 : : public:
546 : : //! Reference to a BlockManager instance which itself is shared across all
547 : : //! Chainstate instances.
548 : : node::BlockManager& m_blockman;
549 : :
550 : : //! The chainstate manager that owns this chainstate. The reference is
551 : : //! necessary so that this instance can check whether it is the active
552 : : //! chainstate within deeply nested method calls.
553 : : ChainstateManager& m_chainman;
554 : :
555 : : explicit Chainstate(
556 : : CTxMemPool* mempool,
557 : : node::BlockManager& blockman,
558 : : ChainstateManager& chainman,
559 : 168 : std::optional<uint256> from_snapshot_blockhash = std::nullopt);
560 : :
561 : : //! Return the current role of the chainstate. See `ChainstateManager`
562 : : //! documentation for a description of the different types of chainstates.
563 : : //!
564 : : //! @sa ChainstateRole
565 : : ChainstateRole GetRole() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
566 : :
567 : : /**
568 : : * Initialize the CoinsViews UTXO set database management data structures. The in-memory
569 : : * cache is initialized separately.
570 : : *
571 : : * All parameters forwarded to CoinsViews.
572 : : */
573 : : void InitCoinsDB(
574 : : size_t cache_size_bytes,
575 : : bool in_memory,
576 : : bool should_wipe,
577 [ + - - + ]: 342 : fs::path leveldb_name = "chainstate");
[ + - + -
+ - + - ]
[ + - # #
# # # # ]
578 : :
579 : : //! Initialize the in-memory coins cache (to be done after the health of the on-disk database
580 : : //! is verified).
581 : : void InitCoinsCache(size_t cache_size_bytes) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
582 : :
583 : : //! @returns whether or not the CoinsViews object has been fully initialized and we can
584 : : //! safely flush this object to disk.
585 : 21796 : bool CanFlushToDisk() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
586 : : {
587 : 21796 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
588 [ + - + - ]: 21796 : return m_coins_views && m_coins_views->m_cacheview;
[ # # # #
# # # # ]
589 : : }
590 : :
591 : : //! The current chain of blockheaders we consult and build on.
592 : : //! @see CChain, CBlockIndex.
593 : : CChain m_chain;
594 : :
595 : : /**
596 : : * The blockhash which is the base of the snapshot this chainstate was created from.
597 : : *
598 : : * std::nullopt if this chainstate was not created from a snapshot.
599 : : */
600 : : const std::optional<uint256> m_from_snapshot_blockhash;
601 : :
602 : : /**
603 : : * The base of the snapshot this chainstate was created from.
604 : : *
605 : : * nullptr if this chainstate was not created from a snapshot.
606 : : */
607 : : const CBlockIndex* SnapshotBase() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
608 : :
609 : : /**
610 : : * The set of all CBlockIndex entries that have as much work as our current
611 : : * tip or more, and transaction data needed to be validated (with
612 : : * BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS for each block and its parents back to the
613 : : * genesis block or an assumeutxo snapshot block). Entries may be failed,
614 : : * though, and pruning nodes may be missing the data for the block.
615 : : */
616 : : std::set<CBlockIndex*, node::CBlockIndexWorkComparator> setBlockIndexCandidates;
617 : :
618 : : //! @returns A reference to the in-memory cache of the UTXO set.
619 : 515075 : CCoinsViewCache& CoinsTip() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
620 : : {
621 : 515075 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
622 : 515075 : Assert(m_coins_views);
623 : 515075 : return *Assert(m_coins_views->m_cacheview);
624 : : }
625 : :
626 : : //! @returns A reference to the on-disk UTXO set database.
627 : 643 : CCoinsViewDB& CoinsDB() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
628 : : {
629 : 643 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
630 : 643 : return Assert(m_coins_views)->m_dbview;
631 : : }
632 : :
633 : : //! @returns A pointer to the mempool.
634 : 248 : CTxMemPool* GetMempool()
635 : : {
636 [ + - - + : 248 : return m_mempool;
+ - - + ]
[ # # ]
637 : : }
638 : :
639 : : //! @returns A reference to a wrapped view of the in-memory UTXO set that
640 : : //! handles disk read errors gracefully.
641 : 0 : CCoinsViewErrorCatcher& CoinsErrorCatcher() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
642 : : {
643 : 0 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
644 : 0 : return Assert(m_coins_views)->m_catcherview;
645 : : }
646 : :
647 : : //! Destructs all objects related to accessing the UTXO set.
648 [ # # ]: 0 : void ResetCoinsViews() { m_coins_views.reset(); }
649 : :
650 : : //! Does this chainstate have a UTXO set attached?
651 [ - + ]: 2 : bool HasCoinsViews() const { return (bool)m_coins_views; }
652 : :
653 : : //! The cache size of the on-disk coins view.
654 : : size_t m_coinsdb_cache_size_bytes{0};
655 : :
656 : : //! The cache size of the in-memory coins view.
657 : : size_t m_coinstip_cache_size_bytes{0};
658 : :
659 : : //! Resize the CoinsViews caches dynamically and flush state to disk.
660 : : //! @returns true unless an error occurred during the flush.
661 : : bool ResizeCoinsCaches(size_t coinstip_size, size_t coinsdb_size)
662 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
663 : :
664 : : /**
665 : : * Update the on-disk chain state.
666 : : * The caches and indexes are flushed depending on the mode we're called with
667 : : * if they're too large, if it's been a while since the last write,
668 : : * or always and in all cases if we're in prune mode and are deleting files.
669 : : *
670 : : * If FlushStateMode::NONE is used, then FlushStateToDisk(...) won't do anything
671 : : * besides checking if we need to prune.
672 : : *
673 : : * @returns true unless a system error occurred
674 : : */
675 : : bool FlushStateToDisk(
676 : : BlockValidationState& state,
677 : : FlushStateMode mode,
678 : : int nManualPruneHeight = 0);
679 : :
680 : : //! Unconditionally flush all changes to disk.
681 : : void ForceFlushStateToDisk();
682 : :
683 : : //! Prune blockfiles from the disk if necessary and then flush chainstate changes
684 : : //! if we pruned.
685 : : void PruneAndFlush();
686 : :
687 : : /**
688 : : * Find the best known block, and make it the tip of the block chain. The
689 : : * result is either failure or an activated best chain. pblock is either
690 : : * nullptr or a pointer to a block that is already loaded (to avoid loading
691 : : * it again from disk).
692 : : *
693 : : * ActivateBestChain is split into steps (see ActivateBestChainStep) so that
694 : : * we avoid holding cs_main for an extended period of time; the length of this
695 : : * call may be quite long during reindexing or a substantial reorg.
696 : : *
697 : : * May not be called with cs_main held. May not be called in a
698 : : * validationinterface callback.
699 : : *
700 : : * Note that if this is called while a snapshot chainstate is active, and if
701 : : * it is called on a background chainstate whose tip has reached the base block
702 : : * of the snapshot, its execution will take *MINUTES* while it hashes the
703 : : * background UTXO set to verify the assumeutxo value the snapshot was activated
704 : : * with. `cs_main` will be held during this time.
705 : : *
706 : : * @returns true unless a system error occurred
707 : : */
708 : : bool ActivateBestChain(
709 : : BlockValidationState& state,
710 : : std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> pblock = nullptr)
711 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
712 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
713 : :
714 : : // Block (dis)connection on a given view:
715 : : DisconnectResult DisconnectBlock(const CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& view)
716 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
717 : : bool ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex,
718 : : CCoinsViewCache& view, bool fJustCheck = false) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
719 : :
720 : : // Apply the effects of a block disconnection on the UTXO set.
721 : : bool DisconnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, DisconnectedBlockTransactions* disconnectpool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
722 : :
723 : : // Manual block validity manipulation:
724 : : /** Mark a block as precious and reorganize.
725 : : *
726 : : * May not be called in a validationinterface callback.
727 : : */
728 : : bool PreciousBlock(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex)
729 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
730 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
731 : :
732 : : /** Mark a block as invalid. */
733 : : bool InvalidateBlock(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex)
734 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(!m_chainstate_mutex)
735 : : LOCKS_EXCLUDED(::cs_main);
736 : :
737 : : /** Remove invalidity status from a block and its descendants. */
738 : : void ResetBlockFailureFlags(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
739 : :
740 : : /** Replay blocks that aren't fully applied to the database. */
741 : : bool ReplayBlocks();
742 : :
743 : : /** Whether the chain state needs to be redownloaded due to lack of witness data */
744 : : [[nodiscard]] bool NeedsRedownload() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
745 : : /** Ensures we have a genesis block in the block tree, possibly writing one to disk. */
746 : : bool LoadGenesisBlock();
747 : :
748 : : void TryAddBlockIndexCandidate(CBlockIndex* pindex) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
749 : :
750 : : void PruneBlockIndexCandidates();
751 : :
752 : : void ClearBlockIndexCandidates() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
753 : :
754 : : /** Find the last common block of this chain and a locator. */
755 : : const CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CBlockLocator& locator) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
756 : :
757 : : /** Update the chain tip based on database information, i.e. CoinsTip()'s best block. */
758 : : bool LoadChainTip() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
759 : :
760 : : //! Dictates whether we need to flush the cache to disk or not.
761 : : //!
762 : : //! @return the state of the size of the coins cache.
763 : : CoinsCacheSizeState GetCoinsCacheSizeState() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
764 : :
765 : : CoinsCacheSizeState GetCoinsCacheSizeState(
766 : : size_t max_coins_cache_size_bytes,
767 : : size_t max_mempool_size_bytes) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
768 : :
769 : : std::string ToString() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
770 : :
771 : : //! Indirection necessary to make lock annotations work with an optional mempool.
772 : 18767 : RecursiveMutex* MempoolMutex() const LOCK_RETURNED(m_mempool->cs)
773 : : {
774 [ + - + + ]: 18767 : return m_mempool ? &m_mempool->cs : nullptr;
[ - + ]
775 : : }
776 : :
777 : : private:
778 : : bool ActivateBestChainStep(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindexMostWork, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, bool& fInvalidFound, ConnectTrace& connectTrace) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
779 : : bool ConnectTip(BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, ConnectTrace& connectTrace, DisconnectedBlockTransactions& disconnectpool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
780 : :
781 : : void InvalidBlockFound(CBlockIndex* pindex, const BlockValidationState& state) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
782 : : CBlockIndex* FindMostWorkChain() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
783 : :
784 : : bool RollforwardBlock(const CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& inputs) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
785 : :
786 : : void CheckForkWarningConditions() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
787 : : void InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
788 : :
789 : : /**
790 : : * Make mempool consistent after a reorg, by re-adding or recursively erasing
791 : : * disconnected block transactions from the mempool, and also removing any
792 : : * other transactions from the mempool that are no longer valid given the new
793 : : * tip/height.
794 : : *
795 : : * Note: we assume that disconnectpool only contains transactions that are NOT
796 : : * confirmed in the current chain nor already in the mempool (otherwise,
797 : : * in-mempool descendants of such transactions would be removed).
798 : : *
799 : : * Passing fAddToMempool=false will skip trying to add the transactions back,
800 : : * and instead just erase from the mempool as needed.
801 : : */
802 : : void MaybeUpdateMempoolForReorg(
803 : : DisconnectedBlockTransactions& disconnectpool,
804 : : bool fAddToMempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main, m_mempool->cs);
805 : :
806 : : /** Check warning conditions and do some notifications on new chain tip set. */
807 : : void UpdateTip(const CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
808 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
809 : :
810 : : SteadyClock::time_point m_last_write{};
811 : : SteadyClock::time_point m_last_flush{};
812 : :
813 : : /**
814 : : * In case of an invalid snapshot, rename the coins leveldb directory so
815 : : * that it can be examined for issue diagnosis.
816 : : */
817 : : [[nodiscard]] util::Result<void> InvalidateCoinsDBOnDisk() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
818 : :
819 : : friend ChainstateManager;
820 : : };
821 : :
822 : : enum class SnapshotCompletionResult {
823 : : SUCCESS,
824 : : SKIPPED,
825 : :
826 : : // Expected assumeutxo configuration data is not found for the height of the
827 : : // base block.
828 : : MISSING_CHAINPARAMS,
829 : :
830 : : // Failed to generate UTXO statistics (to check UTXO set hash) for the background
831 : : // chainstate.
832 : : STATS_FAILED,
833 : :
834 : : // The UTXO set hash of the background validation chainstate does not match
835 : : // the one expected by assumeutxo chainparams.
836 : : HASH_MISMATCH,
837 : :
838 : : // The blockhash of the current tip of the background validation chainstate does
839 : : // not match the one expected by the snapshot chainstate.
840 : : BASE_BLOCKHASH_MISMATCH,
841 : : };
842 : :
843 : : /**
844 : : * Provides an interface for creating and interacting with one or two
845 : : * chainstates: an IBD chainstate generated by downloading blocks, and
846 : : * an optional snapshot chainstate loaded from a UTXO snapshot. Managed
847 : : * chainstates can be maintained at different heights simultaneously.
848 : : *
849 : : * This class provides abstractions that allow the retrieval of the current
850 : : * most-work chainstate ("Active") as well as chainstates which may be in
851 : : * background use to validate UTXO snapshots.
852 : : *
853 : : * Definitions:
854 : : *
855 : : * *IBD chainstate*: a chainstate whose current state has been "fully"
856 : : * validated by the initial block download process.
857 : : *
858 : : * *Snapshot chainstate*: a chainstate populated by loading in an
859 : : * assumeutxo UTXO snapshot.
860 : : *
861 : : * *Active chainstate*: the chainstate containing the current most-work
862 : : * chain. Consulted by most parts of the system (net_processing,
863 : : * wallet) as a reflection of the current chain and UTXO set.
864 : : * This may either be an IBD chainstate or a snapshot chainstate.
865 : : *
866 : : * *Background IBD chainstate*: an IBD chainstate for which the
867 : : * IBD process is happening in the background while use of the
868 : : * active (snapshot) chainstate allows the rest of the system to function.
869 : : */
870 : : class ChainstateManager
871 : : {
872 : : private:
873 : : //! The chainstate used under normal operation (i.e. "regular" IBD) or, if
874 : : //! a snapshot is in use, for background validation.
875 : : //!
876 : : //! Its contents (including on-disk data) will be deleted *upon shutdown*
877 : : //! after background validation of the snapshot has completed. We do not
878 : : //! free the chainstate contents immediately after it finishes validation
879 : : //! to cautiously avoid a case where some other part of the system is still
880 : : //! using this pointer (e.g. net_processing).
881 : : //!
882 : : //! Once this pointer is set to a corresponding chainstate, it will not
883 : : //! be reset until init.cpp:Shutdown().
884 : : //!
885 : : //! It is important for the pointer to not be deleted until shutdown,
886 : : //! because cs_main is not always held when the pointer is accessed, for
887 : : //! example when calling ActivateBestChain, so there's no way you could
888 : : //! prevent code from using the pointer while deleting it.
889 : : std::unique_ptr<Chainstate> m_ibd_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
890 : :
891 : : //! A chainstate initialized on the basis of a UTXO snapshot. If this is
892 : : //! non-null, it is always our active chainstate.
893 : : //!
894 : : //! Once this pointer is set to a corresponding chainstate, it will not
895 : : //! be reset until init.cpp:Shutdown().
896 : : //!
897 : : //! It is important for the pointer to not be deleted until shutdown,
898 : : //! because cs_main is not always held when the pointer is accessed, for
899 : : //! example when calling ActivateBestChain, so there's no way you could
900 : : //! prevent code from using the pointer while deleting it.
901 : : std::unique_ptr<Chainstate> m_snapshot_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
902 : :
903 : : //! Points to either the ibd or snapshot chainstate; indicates our
904 : : //! most-work chain.
905 : : Chainstate* m_active_chainstate GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {nullptr};
906 : :
907 : : CBlockIndex* m_best_invalid GUARDED_BY(::cs_main){nullptr};
908 : :
909 : : /** The last header for which a headerTip notification was issued. */
910 : : CBlockIndex* m_last_notified_header GUARDED_BY(GetMutex()){nullptr};
911 : :
912 : : bool NotifyHeaderTip() LOCKS_EXCLUDED(GetMutex());
913 : :
914 : : //! Internal helper for ActivateSnapshot().
915 : : //!
916 : : //! De-serialization of a snapshot that is created with
917 : : //! CreateUTXOSnapshot() in rpc/blockchain.cpp.
918 : : //! To reduce space the serialization format of the snapshot avoids
919 : : //! duplication of tx hashes. The code takes advantage of the guarantee by
920 : : //! leveldb that keys are lexicographically sorted.
921 : : [[nodiscard]] util::Result<void> PopulateAndValidateSnapshot(
922 : : Chainstate& snapshot_chainstate,
923 : : AutoFile& coins_file,
924 : : const node::SnapshotMetadata& metadata);
925 : :
926 : : /**
927 : : * If a block header hasn't already been seen, call CheckBlockHeader on it, ensure
928 : : * that it doesn't descend from an invalid block, and then add it to m_block_index.
929 : : * Caller must set min_pow_checked=true in order to add a new header to the
930 : : * block index (permanent memory storage), indicating that the header is
931 : : * known to be part of a sufficiently high-work chain (anti-dos check).
932 : : */
933 : : bool AcceptBlockHeader(
934 : : const CBlockHeader& block,
935 : : BlockValidationState& state,
936 : : CBlockIndex** ppindex,
937 : : bool min_pow_checked) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
938 : : friend Chainstate;
939 : :
940 : : /** Most recent headers presync progress update, for rate-limiting. */
941 : : std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> m_last_presync_update GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) {};
942 : :
943 : : std::array<ThresholdConditionCache, VERSIONBITS_NUM_BITS> m_warningcache GUARDED_BY(::cs_main);
944 : :
945 : : //! Return true if a chainstate is considered usable.
946 : : //!
947 : : //! This is false when a background validation chainstate has completed its
948 : : //! validation of an assumed-valid chainstate, or when a snapshot
949 : : //! chainstate has been found to be invalid.
950 : 12812298 : bool IsUsable(const Chainstate* const cs) const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main) {
951 [ + - + + : 12811637 : return cs && !cs->m_disabled;
+ + - + +
- + - + -
+ + + - -
+ + - - +
+ - - + +
+ + + - -
- - - - -
- ][ + + +
- + - +
+ ]
952 : : }
953 : :
954 : : //! A queue for script verifications that have to be performed by worker threads.
955 : : CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck> m_script_check_queue;
956 : :
957 : : //! Timers and counters used for benchmarking validation in both background
958 : : //! and active chainstates.
959 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_check{};
960 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_forks{};
961 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_connect{};
962 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_verify{};
963 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_undo{};
964 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_index{};
965 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_total{};
966 : : int64_t GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) num_blocks_total{0};
967 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_connect_total{};
968 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_flush{};
969 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_chainstate{};
970 : : SteadyClock::duration GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) time_post_connect{};
971 : :
972 : : public:
973 : : using Options = kernel::ChainstateManagerOpts;
974 : :
975 : : explicit ChainstateManager(const util::SignalInterrupt& interrupt, Options options, node::BlockManager::Options blockman_options);
976 : :
977 : : //! Function to restart active indexes; set dynamically to avoid a circular
978 : : //! dependency on `base/index.cpp`.
979 : : std::function<void()> restart_indexes = std::function<void()>();
980 : :
981 [ - - + - : 51552 : const CChainParams& GetParams() const { return m_options.chainparams; }
+ - - + ]
[ + + ]
[ - - + - ]
[ + - + -
+ - + - +
- + - ]
982 [ + - - - : 254946 : const Consensus::Params& GetConsensus() const { return m_options.chainparams.GetConsensus(); }
+ + ]
[ + - - - ]
[ # # # #
# # # # #
# # # # #
# # # # #
# ][ + - ]
983 : : bool ShouldCheckBlockIndex() const;
984 : 19600 : const arith_uint256& MinimumChainWork() const { return *Assert(m_options.minimum_chain_work); }
985 : 14554 : const uint256& AssumedValidBlock() const { return *Assert(m_options.assumed_valid_block); }
986 [ + - - - : 19449 : kernel::Notifications& GetNotifications() const { return m_options.notifications; };
- - - - -
- - - + -
+ - - - -
- - - - -
- - - - -
- - - -
- ][ + - ]
987 : :
988 : : /**
989 : : * Make various assertions about the state of the block index.
990 : : *
991 : : * By default this only executes fully when using the Regtest chain; see: m_options.check_block_index.
992 : : */
993 : : void CheckBlockIndex();
994 : :
995 : : /**
996 : : * Alias for ::cs_main.
997 : : * Should be used in new code to make it easier to make ::cs_main a member
998 : : * of this class.
999 : : * Generally, methods of this class should be annotated to require this
1000 : : * mutex. This will make calling code more verbose, but also help to:
1001 : : * - Clarify that the method will acquire a mutex that heavily affects
1002 : : * overall performance.
1003 : : * - Force call sites to think how long they need to acquire the mutex to
1004 : : * get consistent results.
1005 : : */
1006 [ + - + - : 19370 : RecursiveMutex& GetMutex() const LOCK_RETURNED(::cs_main) { return ::cs_main; }
+ - + - +
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1007 : :
1008 : : const util::SignalInterrupt& m_interrupt;
1009 : : const Options m_options;
1010 : : std::thread m_thread_load;
1011 : : //! A single BlockManager instance is shared across each constructed
1012 : : //! chainstate to avoid duplicating block metadata.
1013 : : node::BlockManager m_blockman;
1014 : :
1015 : : ValidationCache m_validation_cache;
1016 : :
1017 : : /**
1018 : : * Whether initial block download has ended and IsInitialBlockDownload
1019 : : * should return false from now on.
1020 : : *
1021 : : * Mutable because we need to be able to mark IsInitialBlockDownload()
1022 : : * const, which latches this for caching purposes.
1023 : : */
1024 : : mutable std::atomic<bool> m_cached_finished_ibd{false};
1025 : :
1026 : : /**
1027 : : * Every received block is assigned a unique and increasing identifier, so we
1028 : : * know which one to give priority in case of a fork.
1029 : : */
1030 : : /** Blocks loaded from disk are assigned id 0, so start the counter at 1. */
1031 : : int32_t nBlockSequenceId GUARDED_BY(::cs_main) = 1;
1032 : : /** Decreasing counter (used by subsequent preciousblock calls). */
1033 : : int32_t nBlockReverseSequenceId = -1;
1034 : : /** chainwork for the last block that preciousblock has been applied to. */
1035 : : arith_uint256 nLastPreciousChainwork = 0;
1036 : :
1037 : : // Reset the memory-only sequence counters we use to track block arrival
1038 : : // (used by tests to reset state)
1039 : 2 : void ResetBlockSequenceCounters() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
1040 : : {
1041 : 2 : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
1042 : 2 : nBlockSequenceId = 1;
1043 [ + - ]: 2 : nBlockReverseSequenceId = -1;
1044 : : }
1045 : :
1046 : :
1047 : : /**
1048 : : * In order to efficiently track invalidity of headers, we keep the set of
1049 : : * blocks which we tried to connect and found to be invalid here (ie which
1050 : : * were set to BLOCK_FAILED_VALID since the last restart). We can then
1051 : : * walk this set and check if a new header is a descendant of something in
1052 : : * this set, preventing us from having to walk m_block_index when we try
1053 : : * to connect a bad block and fail.
1054 : : *
1055 : : * While this is more complicated than marking everything which descends
1056 : : * from an invalid block as invalid at the time we discover it to be
1057 : : * invalid, doing so would require walking all of m_block_index to find all
1058 : : * descendants. Since this case should be very rare, keeping track of all
1059 : : * BLOCK_FAILED_VALID blocks in a set should be just fine and work just as
1060 : : * well.
1061 : : *
1062 : : * Because we already walk m_block_index in height-order at startup, we go
1063 : : * ahead and mark descendants of invalid blocks as FAILED_CHILD at that time,
1064 : : * instead of putting things in this set.
1065 : : */
1066 : : std::set<CBlockIndex*> m_failed_blocks;
1067 : :
1068 : : /** Best header we've seen so far (used for getheaders queries' starting points). */
1069 : : CBlockIndex* m_best_header GUARDED_BY(::cs_main){nullptr};
1070 : :
1071 : : //! The total number of bytes available for us to use across all in-memory
1072 : : //! coins caches. This will be split somehow across chainstates.
1073 : : int64_t m_total_coinstip_cache{0};
1074 : : //
1075 : : //! The total number of bytes available for us to use across all leveldb
1076 : : //! coins databases. This will be split somehow across chainstates.
1077 : : int64_t m_total_coinsdb_cache{0};
1078 : :
1079 : : //! Instantiate a new chainstate.
1080 : : //!
1081 : : //! @param[in] mempool The mempool to pass to the chainstate
1082 : : // constructor
1083 : : Chainstate& InitializeChainstate(CTxMemPool* mempool) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1084 : :
1085 : : //! Get all chainstates currently being used.
1086 : : std::vector<Chainstate*> GetAll();
1087 : :
1088 : : //! Construct and activate a Chainstate on the basis of UTXO snapshot data.
1089 : : //!
1090 : : //! Steps:
1091 : : //!
1092 : : //! - Initialize an unused Chainstate.
1093 : : //! - Load its `CoinsViews` contents from `coins_file`.
1094 : : //! - Verify that the hash of the resulting coinsdb matches the expected hash
1095 : : //! per assumeutxo chain parameters.
1096 : : //! - Wait for our headers chain to include the base block of the snapshot.
1097 : : //! - "Fast forward" the tip of the new chainstate to the base of the snapshot.
1098 : : //! - Move the new chainstate to `m_snapshot_chainstate` and make it our
1099 : : //! ChainstateActive().
1100 : : [[nodiscard]] util::Result<CBlockIndex*> ActivateSnapshot(
1101 : : AutoFile& coins_file, const node::SnapshotMetadata& metadata, bool in_memory);
1102 : :
1103 : : //! Once the background validation chainstate has reached the height which
1104 : : //! is the base of the UTXO snapshot in use, compare its coins to ensure
1105 : : //! they match those expected by the snapshot.
1106 : : //!
1107 : : //! If the coins match (expected), then mark the validation chainstate for
1108 : : //! deletion and continue using the snapshot chainstate as active.
1109 : : //! Otherwise, revert to using the ibd chainstate and shutdown.
1110 : : SnapshotCompletionResult MaybeCompleteSnapshotValidation() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1111 : :
1112 : : //! Returns nullptr if no snapshot has been loaded.
1113 : : const CBlockIndex* GetSnapshotBaseBlock() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1114 : :
1115 : : //! The most-work chain.
1116 : : Chainstate& ActiveChainstate() const;
1117 [ + - + + : 1104064 : CChain& ActiveChain() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChainstate().m_chain; }
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1118 : 18070 : int ActiveHeight() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChain().Height(); }
1119 [ + - ]: 42015 : CBlockIndex* ActiveTip() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) { return ActiveChain().Tip(); }
1120 : :
1121 : : //! The state of a background sync (for net processing)
1122 : 18024 : bool BackgroundSyncInProgress() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) {
1123 [ + + + - ]: 18436 : return IsUsable(m_snapshot_chainstate.get()) && IsUsable(m_ibd_chainstate.get());
1124 : : }
1125 : :
1126 : : //! The tip of the background sync chain
1127 : 0 : const CBlockIndex* GetBackgroundSyncTip() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(GetMutex()) {
1128 [ # # # # ]: 0 : return BackgroundSyncInProgress() ? m_ibd_chainstate->m_chain.Tip() : nullptr;
1129 : : }
1130 : :
1131 : : node::BlockMap& BlockIndex() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
1132 : : {
1133 : : AssertLockHeld(::cs_main);
1134 [ + + ]: 166 : return m_blockman.m_block_index;
1135 : : }
1136 : :
1137 : : /**
1138 : : * Track versionbit status
1139 : : */
1140 : : mutable VersionBitsCache m_versionbitscache;
1141 : :
1142 : : //! @returns true if a snapshot-based chainstate is in use. Also implies
1143 : : //! that a background validation chainstate is also in use.
1144 : : bool IsSnapshotActive() const;
1145 : :
1146 : : std::optional<uint256> SnapshotBlockhash() const;
1147 : :
1148 : : //! Is there a snapshot in use and has it been fully validated?
1149 : 12 : bool IsSnapshotValidated() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main)
1150 : : {
1151 [ + + + - : 12 : return m_snapshot_chainstate && m_ibd_chainstate && m_ibd_chainstate->m_disabled;
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1152 : : }
1153 : :
1154 : : /** Check whether we are doing an initial block download (synchronizing from disk or network) */
1155 : : bool IsInitialBlockDownload() const;
1156 : :
1157 : : /**
1158 : : * Import blocks from an external file
1159 : : *
1160 : : * During reindexing, this function is called for each block file (datadir/blocks/blk?????.dat).
1161 : : * It reads all blocks contained in the given file and attempts to process them (add them to the
1162 : : * block index). The blocks may be out of order within each file and across files. Often this
1163 : : * function reads a block but finds that its parent hasn't been read yet, so the block can't be
1164 : : * processed yet. The function will add an entry to the blocks_with_unknown_parent map (which is
1165 : : * passed as an argument), so that when the block's parent is later read and processed, this
1166 : : * function can re-read the child block from disk and process it.
1167 : : *
1168 : : * Because a block's parent may be in a later file, not just later in the same file, the
1169 : : * blocks_with_unknown_parent map must be passed in and out with each call. It's a multimap,
1170 : : * rather than just a map, because multiple blocks may have the same parent (when chain splits
1171 : : * or stale blocks exist). It maps from parent-hash to child-disk-position.
1172 : : *
1173 : : * This function can also be used to read blocks from user-specified block files using the
1174 : : * -loadblock= option. There's no unknown-parent tracking, so the last two arguments are omitted.
1175 : : *
1176 : : *
1177 : : * @param[in] file_in File containing blocks to read
1178 : : * @param[in] dbp (optional) Disk block position (only for reindex)
1179 : : * @param[in,out] blocks_with_unknown_parent (optional) Map of disk positions for blocks with
1180 : : * unknown parent, key is parent block hash
1181 : : * (only used for reindex)
1182 : : * */
1183 : : void LoadExternalBlockFile(
1184 : : AutoFile& file_in,
1185 : : FlatFilePos* dbp = nullptr,
1186 : : std::multimap<uint256, FlatFilePos>* blocks_with_unknown_parent = nullptr);
1187 : :
1188 : : /**
1189 : : * Process an incoming block. This only returns after the best known valid
1190 : : * block is made active. Note that it does not, however, guarantee that the
1191 : : * specific block passed to it has been checked for validity!
1192 : : *
1193 : : * If you want to *possibly* get feedback on whether block is valid, you must
1194 : : * install a CValidationInterface (see validationinterface.h) - this will have
1195 : : * its BlockChecked method called whenever *any* block completes validation.
1196 : : *
1197 : : * Note that we guarantee that either the proof-of-work is valid on block, or
1198 : : * (and possibly also) BlockChecked will have been called.
1199 : : *
1200 : : * May not be called in a validationinterface callback.
1201 : : *
1202 : : * @param[in] block The block we want to process.
1203 : : * @param[in] force_processing Process this block even if unrequested; used for non-network block sources.
1204 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have
1205 : : * been done by caller for headers chain
1206 : : * (note: only affects headers acceptance; if
1207 : : * block header is already present in block
1208 : : * index then this parameter has no effect)
1209 : : * @param[out] new_block A boolean which is set to indicate if the block was first received via this call
1210 : : * @returns If the block was processed, independently of block validity
1211 : : */
1212 : : bool ProcessNewBlock(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& block, bool force_processing, bool min_pow_checked, bool* new_block) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main);
1213 : :
1214 : : /**
1215 : : * Process incoming block headers.
1216 : : *
1217 : : * May not be called in a
1218 : : * validationinterface callback.
1219 : : *
1220 : : * @param[in] block The block headers themselves
1221 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have been done by caller for headers chain
1222 : : * @param[out] state This may be set to an Error state if any error occurred processing them
1223 : : * @param[out] ppindex If set, the pointer will be set to point to the last new block index object for the given headers
1224 : : */
1225 : : bool ProcessNewBlockHeaders(const std::vector<CBlockHeader>& block, bool min_pow_checked, BlockValidationState& state, const CBlockIndex** ppindex = nullptr) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(cs_main);
1226 : :
1227 : : /**
1228 : : * Sufficiently validate a block for disk storage (and store on disk).
1229 : : *
1230 : : * @param[in] pblock The block we want to process.
1231 : : * @param[in] fRequested Whether we requested this block from a
1232 : : * peer.
1233 : : * @param[in] dbp The location on disk, if we are importing
1234 : : * this block from prior storage.
1235 : : * @param[in] min_pow_checked True if proof-of-work anti-DoS checks have
1236 : : * been done by caller for headers chain
1237 : : *
1238 : : * @param[out] state The state of the block validation.
1239 : : * @param[out] ppindex Optional return parameter to get the
1240 : : * CBlockIndex pointer for this block.
1241 : : * @param[out] fNewBlock Optional return parameter to indicate if the
1242 : : * block is new to our storage.
1243 : : *
1244 : : * @returns False if the block or header is invalid, or if saving to disk fails (likely a fatal error); true otherwise.
1245 : : */
1246 : : bool AcceptBlock(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock>& pblock, BlockValidationState& state, CBlockIndex** ppindex, bool fRequested, const FlatFilePos* dbp, bool* fNewBlock, bool min_pow_checked) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1247 : :
1248 : : void ReceivedBlockTransactions(const CBlock& block, CBlockIndex* pindexNew, const FlatFilePos& pos) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1249 : :
1250 : : /**
1251 : : * Try to add a transaction to the memory pool.
1252 : : *
1253 : : * @param[in] tx The transaction to submit for mempool acceptance.
1254 : : * @param[in] test_accept When true, run validation checks but don't submit to mempool.
1255 : : */
1256 : : [[nodiscard]] MempoolAcceptResult ProcessTransaction(const CTransactionRef& tx, bool test_accept=false)
1257 : : EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1258 : :
1259 : : //! Load the block tree and coins database from disk, initializing state if we're running with -reindex
1260 : : bool LoadBlockIndex() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
1261 : :
1262 : : //! Check to see if caches are out of balance and if so, call
1263 : : //! ResizeCoinsCaches() as needed.
1264 : : void MaybeRebalanceCaches() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1265 : :
1266 : : /** Update uncommitted block structures (currently: only the witness reserved value). This is safe for submitted blocks. */
1267 : : void UpdateUncommittedBlockStructures(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev) const;
1268 : :
1269 : : /** Produce the necessary coinbase commitment for a block (modifies the hash, don't call for mined blocks). */
1270 : : std::vector<unsigned char> GenerateCoinbaseCommitment(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev) const;
1271 : :
1272 : : /** This is used by net_processing to report pre-synchronization progress of headers, as
1273 : : * headers are not yet fed to validation during that time, but validation is (for now)
1274 : : * responsible for logging and signalling through NotifyHeaderTip, so it needs this
1275 : : * information. */
1276 : : void ReportHeadersPresync(const arith_uint256& work, int64_t height, int64_t timestamp);
1277 : :
1278 : : //! When starting up, search the datadir for a chainstate based on a UTXO
1279 : : //! snapshot that is in the process of being validated.
1280 : : bool DetectSnapshotChainstate() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1281 : :
1282 : : void ResetChainstates() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1283 : :
1284 : : //! Remove the snapshot-based chainstate and all on-disk artifacts.
1285 : : //! Used when reindex{-chainstate} is called during snapshot use.
1286 : : [[nodiscard]] bool DeleteSnapshotChainstate() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1287 : :
1288 : : //! Switch the active chainstate to one based on a UTXO snapshot that was loaded
1289 : : //! previously.
1290 : : Chainstate& ActivateExistingSnapshot(uint256 base_blockhash) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1291 : :
1292 : : //! If we have validated a snapshot chain during this runtime, copy its
1293 : : //! chainstate directory over to the main `chainstate` location, completing
1294 : : //! validation of the snapshot.
1295 : : //!
1296 : : //! If the cleanup succeeds, the caller will need to ensure chainstates are
1297 : : //! reinitialized, since ResetChainstates() will be called before leveldb
1298 : : //! directories are moved or deleted.
1299 : : //!
1300 : : //! @sa node/chainstate:LoadChainstate()
1301 : : bool ValidatedSnapshotCleanup() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1302 : :
1303 : : //! @returns the chainstate that indexes should consult when ensuring that an
1304 : : //! index is synced with a chain where we can expect block index entries to have
1305 : : //! BLOCK_HAVE_DATA beneath the tip.
1306 : : //!
1307 : : //! In other words, give us the chainstate for which we can reasonably expect
1308 : : //! that all blocks beneath the tip have been indexed. In practice this means
1309 : : //! when using an assumed-valid chainstate based upon a snapshot, return only the
1310 : : //! fully validated chain.
1311 : : Chainstate& GetChainstateForIndexing() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1312 : :
1313 : : //! Return the [start, end] (inclusive) of block heights we can prune.
1314 : : //!
1315 : : //! start > end is possible, meaning no blocks can be pruned.
1316 : : std::pair<int, int> GetPruneRange(
1317 : : const Chainstate& chainstate, int last_height_can_prune) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1318 : :
1319 : : //! Return the height of the base block of the snapshot in use, if one exists, else
1320 : : //! nullopt.
1321 : : std::optional<int> GetSnapshotBaseHeight() const EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(::cs_main);
1322 : :
1323 : 14022 : CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck>& GetCheckQueue() { return m_script_check_queue; }
1324 : :
1325 : : ~ChainstateManager();
1326 : : };
1327 : :
1328 : : /** Deployment* info via ChainstateManager */
1329 : : template<typename DEP>
1330 : 56587 : bool DeploymentActiveAfter(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1331 : : {
1332 : 56587 : return DeploymentActiveAfter(pindexPrev, chainman.GetConsensus(), dep, chainman.m_versionbitscache);
1333 : : }
1334 : :
1335 : : template<typename DEP>
1336 : 79973 : bool DeploymentActiveAt(const CBlockIndex& index, const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1337 : : {
1338 : 79973 : return DeploymentActiveAt(index, chainman.GetConsensus(), dep, chainman.m_versionbitscache);
1339 : : }
1340 : :
1341 : : template<typename DEP>
1342 : 0 : bool DeploymentEnabled(const ChainstateManager& chainman, DEP dep)
1343 : : {
1344 : 0 : return DeploymentEnabled(chainman.GetConsensus(), dep);
1345 : : }
1346 : :
1347 : : /** Identifies blocks that overwrote an existing coinbase output in the UTXO set (see BIP30) */
1348 : : bool IsBIP30Repeat(const CBlockIndex& block_index);
1349 : :
1350 : : /** Identifies blocks which coinbase output was subsequently overwritten in the UTXO set (see BIP30) */
1351 : : bool IsBIP30Unspendable(const CBlockIndex& block_index);
1352 : :
1353 : : #endif // BITCOIN_VALIDATION_H
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