Branch data Line data Source code
1 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 : : // Copyright (c) 2009-present The Bitcoin Core developers
3 : : // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 : : // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
5 : :
6 : : #ifndef BITCOIN_UINT256_H
7 : : #define BITCOIN_UINT256_H
8 : :
9 : : #include <crypto/common.h>
10 : : #include <span.h>
11 : : #include <util/strencodings.h>
12 : : #include <util/string.h>
13 : :
14 : : #include <algorithm>
15 : : #include <array>
16 : : #include <cassert>
17 : : #include <cstdint>
18 : : #include <cstring>
19 : : #include <optional>
20 : : #include <string>
21 : : #include <string_view>
22 : :
23 : : /** Template base class for fixed-sized opaque blobs. */
24 : : template<unsigned int BITS>
25 : : class base_blob
26 : : {
27 : : protected:
28 : : static constexpr int WIDTH = BITS / 8;
29 : : static_assert(BITS % 8 == 0, "base_blob currently only supports whole bytes.");
30 : : std::array<uint8_t, WIDTH> m_data;
31 : : static_assert(WIDTH == sizeof(m_data), "Sanity check");
32 : :
33 : : public:
34 : : /* construct 0 value by default */
35 : 192298952 : constexpr base_blob() : m_data() {}
36 : :
37 : : /* constructor for constants between 1 and 255 */
38 : 89 : constexpr explicit base_blob(uint8_t v) : m_data{v} {}
39 : :
40 [ - + ]: 13513 : constexpr explicit base_blob(Span<const unsigned char> vch)
41 : : {
42 [ - + ]: 13513 : assert(vch.size() == WIDTH);
43 : 13513 : std::copy(vch.begin(), vch.end(), m_data.begin());
44 : 13513 : }
45 : :
46 : : consteval explicit base_blob(std::string_view hex_str);
47 : :
48 : 481766 : constexpr bool IsNull() const
49 : : {
50 : 481766 : return std::all_of(m_data.begin(), m_data.end(), [](uint8_t val) {
51 : : return val == 0;
52 : 481766 : });
53 : : }
54 : :
55 : 136029 : constexpr void SetNull()
56 : : {
57 [ + + ][ + - : 288586 : std::fill(m_data.begin(), m_data.end(), 0);
+ - + - +
- ]
58 : : }
59 : :
60 : : /** Lexicographic ordering
61 : : * @note Does NOT match the ordering on the corresponding \ref
62 : : * base_uint::CompareTo, which starts comparing from the end.
63 : : */
64 [ + + # # : 167254630 : constexpr int Compare(const base_blob& other) const { return std::memcmp(m_data.data(), other.m_data.data(), WIDTH); }
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65 : :
66 [ + + + + : 25095642 : friend constexpr bool operator==(const base_blob& a, const base_blob& b) { return a.Compare(b) == 0; }
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67 [ + + + + : 53625 : friend constexpr bool operator!=(const base_blob& a, const base_blob& b) { return a.Compare(b) != 0; }
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68 [ - + + - : 33572106 : friend constexpr bool operator<(const base_blob& a, const base_blob& b) { return a.Compare(b) < 0; }
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69 : :
70 : : /** @name Hex representation
71 : : *
72 : : * The reverse-byte hex representation is a convenient way to view the blob
73 : : * as a number, because it is consistent with the way the base_uint class
74 : : * converts blobs to numbers.
75 : : *
76 : : * @note base_uint treats the blob as an array of bytes with the numerically
77 : : * least significant byte first and the most significant byte last. Because
78 : : * numbers are typically written with the most significant digit first and
79 : : * the least significant digit last, the reverse hex display of the blob
80 : : * corresponds to the same numeric value that base_uint interprets from the
81 : : * blob.
82 : : * @{*/
83 : : std::string GetHex() const;
84 : : /** Unlike FromHex this accepts any invalid input, thus it is fragile and deprecated!
85 : : *
86 : : * - Hex numbers that don't specify enough bytes to fill the internal array
87 : : * will be treated as setting the beginning of it, which corresponds to
88 : : * the least significant bytes when converted to base_uint.
89 : : *
90 : : * - Hex numbers specifying too many bytes will have the numerically most
91 : : * significant bytes (the beginning of the string) narrowed away.
92 : : *
93 : : * - An odd count of hex digits will result in the high bits of the leftmost
94 : : * byte being zero.
95 : : * "0x123" => {0x23, 0x1, 0x0, ..., 0x0}
96 : : */
97 : : void SetHexDeprecated(std::string_view str);
98 : : std::string ToString() const;
99 : : /**@}*/
100 : :
101 [ + - ][ - - : 6336229 : constexpr const unsigned char* data() const { return m_data.data(); }
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102 [ + - ]: 4088680 : constexpr unsigned char* data() { return m_data.data(); }
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103 : :
104 [ + + ][ + - : 7958632 : constexpr unsigned char* begin() { return m_data.data(); }
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105 [ + - + - ]: 11886 : constexpr unsigned char* end() { return m_data.data() + WIDTH; }
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106 : :
107 [ + + ][ + - : 4040044 : constexpr const unsigned char* begin() const { return m_data.data(); }
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108 [ + - + - : 425328 : constexpr const unsigned char* end() const { return m_data.data() + WIDTH; }
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109 : :
110 : : static constexpr unsigned int size() { return WIDTH; }
111 : :
112 [ - + ]: 121383668 : constexpr uint64_t GetUint64(int pos) const { return ReadLE64(m_data.data() + pos * 8); }
113 : :
114 : : template<typename Stream>
115 : 26626562 : void Serialize(Stream& s) const
116 : : {
117 : 26626562 : s << Span(m_data);
118 : : }
119 : :
120 : : template<typename Stream>
121 : 85943 : void Unserialize(Stream& s)
122 : : {
123 : 85943 : s.read(MakeWritableByteSpan(m_data));
124 : 85934 : }
125 : : };
126 : :
127 : : template <unsigned int BITS>
128 : : consteval base_blob<BITS>::base_blob(std::string_view hex_str)
129 : : {
130 : : // Non-lookup table version of HexDigit().
131 : : auto from_hex = [](const char c) -> int8_t {
132 : : if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0';
133 : : if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') return c - 'a' + 0xA;
134 : : if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') return c - 'A' + 0xA;
135 : :
136 : : assert(false); // Reached if ctor is called with an invalid hex digit.
137 : : };
138 : :
139 : : assert(hex_str.length() == m_data.size() * 2); // 2 hex digits per byte.
140 : : auto str_it = hex_str.rbegin();
141 : : for (auto& elem : m_data) {
142 : : auto lo = from_hex(*(str_it++));
143 : : elem = (from_hex(*(str_it++)) << 4) | lo;
144 : : }
145 : : }
146 : :
147 : : namespace detail {
148 : : /**
149 : : * Writes the hex string (in reverse byte order) into a new uintN_t object
150 : : * and only returns a value iff all of the checks pass:
151 : : * - Input length is uintN_t::size()*2
152 : : * - All characters are hex
153 : : */
154 : : template <class uintN_t>
155 [ + + ]: 5262 : std::optional<uintN_t> FromHex(std::string_view str)
156 : : {
157 [ + + + + ]: 5262 : if (uintN_t::size() * 2 != str.size() || !IsHex(str)) return std::nullopt;
158 : 4913 : uintN_t rv;
159 : 4913 : rv.SetHexDeprecated(str);
160 : 4913 : return rv;
161 : : }
162 : : /**
163 : : * @brief Like FromHex(std::string_view str), but allows an "0x" prefix
164 : : * and pads the input with leading zeroes if it is shorter than
165 : : * the expected length of uintN_t::size()*2.
166 : : *
167 : : * Designed to be used when dealing with user input.
168 : : */
169 : : template <class uintN_t>
170 : 34 : std::optional<uintN_t> FromUserHex(std::string_view input)
171 : : {
172 : 34 : input = util::RemovePrefixView(input, "0x");
173 [ + + ]: 34 : constexpr auto expected_size{uintN_t::size() * 2};
174 [ + + ]: 34 : if (input.size() < expected_size) {
175 : 25 : auto padded = std::string(expected_size, '0');
176 [ + - ]: 25 : std::copy(input.begin(), input.end(), padded.begin() + expected_size - input.size());
177 [ + - ]: 25 : return FromHex<uintN_t>(padded);
178 : 25 : }
179 : 9 : return FromHex<uintN_t>(input);
180 : : }
181 : : } // namespace detail
182 : :
183 : : /** 160-bit opaque blob.
184 : : * @note This type is called uint160 for historical reasons only. It is an opaque
185 : : * blob of 160 bits and has no integer operations.
186 : : */
187 : : class uint160 : public base_blob<160> {
188 : : public:
189 [ + - + - : 87 : static std::optional<uint160> FromHex(std::string_view str) { return detail::FromHex<uint160>(str); }
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190 [ + + + + : 209140 : constexpr uint160() = default;
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191 : 11400 : constexpr explicit uint160(Span<const unsigned char> vch) : base_blob<160>(vch) {}
192 : : };
193 : :
194 : : /** 256-bit opaque blob.
195 : : * @note This type is called uint256 for historical reasons only. It is an
196 : : * opaque blob of 256 bits and has no integer operations. Use arith_uint256 if
197 : : * those are required.
198 : : */
199 : : class uint256 : public base_blob<256> {
200 : : public:
201 [ # # # # : 5141 : static std::optional<uint256> FromHex(std::string_view str) { return detail::FromHex<uint256>(str); }
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202 [ + - + - ]: 34 : static std::optional<uint256> FromUserHex(std::string_view str) { return detail::FromUserHex<uint256>(str); }
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203 [ + + ]: 191755317 : constexpr uint256() = default;
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204 : : consteval explicit uint256(std::string_view hex_str) : base_blob<256>(hex_str) {}
205 [ + - ][ + - : 64 : constexpr explicit uint256(uint8_t v) : base_blob<256>(v) {}
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206 : 2113 : constexpr explicit uint256(Span<const unsigned char> vch) : base_blob<256>(vch) {}
207 : : static const uint256 ZERO;
208 : : static const uint256 ONE;
209 : : };
210 : :
211 : : /* uint256 from std::string_view, containing byte-reversed hex encoding.
212 : : * DEPRECATED. Unlike FromHex this accepts any invalid input, thus it is fragile and deprecated!
213 : : */
214 : 1814 : inline uint256 uint256S(std::string_view str)
215 : : {
216 : 1814 : uint256 rv;
217 [ + - + - : 1814 : rv.SetHexDeprecated(str);
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218 [ + - + - : 1814 : return rv;
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219 : : }
220 : :
221 : : #endif // BITCOIN_UINT256_H
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